PASSIVE SENTENCES

PASSIVE SENTENCES Passive sentences or Passive voice verbs are used in writing much more often than in speech, and they are used in some types of writing much more often than in others. Passives are used more in journalism (newspapers, magazines) than in fiction (novels, stories), but most journalists and fiction writers use far more active than passive sentences.

readmore »»  

DIRECT-INDIRECT SPEECH

Tense yang harus kita perhatikan dalam pola ini yaitu:

readmore »»  

NARATIVE TEXT

 

Narrative text is an imaginative story to entertain readers.Other function of narrative text is for education.

readmore »»  

PERSUADING AND ENCOURAGING, PREVENTING SOMEONE FROM DOING SOMETHING

Persuading and Encouraging

     Persuading is an expression to persuade someone. So, someone want to do something as like as persuader’s request.

readmore »»  

CONTRASTIVE CONJUCTION AND MODAL PERFECT

Types of conjunction

Different types of conjunctions link information in different ways. It is important to know which conjunctions establish which types of links.

readmore »»  

DISCUSSION TEXT

       Discussion is a text which presents a problematic discourse.

This problem will be discussed from different points of view. It presents pro and contra opinion on certain issue. The purpose of a discussion text is to present arguments and information from differing viewpoints.

Discussion texts are usually written in the present tense.

readmore »»  

ASKING ABOUT POSSIBILITY CURIOSITY AND DESIRE

Possibility

Possibility is used when we are talking about the future, we often don't really know what will happen.

readmore »»  

BUSINESS LETTER

 
 The block format is the simplest format; all of the writing is flush against the left margin.

readmore »»  

EXPLANATION TEXT

Definition Explanation 
            Explanation is a text which tells processes relating to forming of natural, social, scientific and cultural phenomena. Generally the purpose of an explanation text is explaining how something forms or why the thing happens. So when we read an explanation text, the text will cover the answer of "how" or "why" relating to a thing or a phenomenon. It is often found in science, geography and history text books.

readmore »»  

COMPLAINING AND GIVING INSTRUCTION

Complaining

Complaints are expressions of "displeasure or annoyance" in response to an action that is seen by the speaker as unfavorable.

readmore »»  

MAKING SUGESTION AND REQUESTING SOMETHING

Making Suggestion is how you express your suggestion to someone.

There are a number of ways used when making suggestions :

readmore »»  

2nd ANG 3nd CONDITIONAL SENTENCE

2nd Conditional Sentences

a. Definition:

    2nd conditional (also called conditional type 2) is a structure used for talking about unreal situations in the present or in the future. This page will explain how the second conditional is formed, and when to use it. 

readmore »»  

ADMITING MISTAKES AND MAKING PROMISES

What is Admitting Mistakes?

Mistake is a misunderstanding or misconception or an error in action, calculation, opinion, or judgement caused by poor reasoning, carelessness, insufficient knowledge, etc.

readmore »»  

BLAMMING AND ACCUSING SOMEONE

Accusing (menuduh)

Accusing is an expression when someone said that person did something wrong although she/he doesn’t know the truth, like stealing.
Say that somebody has done wrong or broken the law: She accused me of theft.

readmore »»  

Directh and indirecth speech

Directh and indirecth speech

We often have to give information about what people say or think. In order to do this you can use direct or quoted speech, or indirect or reported speech.

readmore »»  

Descriptive text

Descriptive text is a text which say what a person or a thing is like. Its purpose is to describe and reveal a particular person, place, or thing.

readmore »»  

FINITE VERB

A finite verb is a verb that is inflected for person and for tense according to the rules and categories of the languages in which it occurs. Finite verbs can form independent clauses, which can stand by their own as complete sentences.

readmore »»  

SURPRISE OR DISBELIEFS

Surprise or disbeliefs is an expression that we show/say when know/hear/see something that rather difficult to believe.

readmore »»  

CONGRATULATION, COMPLIMENT AND GRATITUDE

Several expressions of congratulating, complimenting, and thanking:

Congratulation is an expression that we use to give the congratulation utterance when he/she succeeds in doing something.

readmore »»  

PASSIVE VOICE

Use of Passive

Passive voice is used when the focus is on the action. It is not important or not known, however, who or what is performing the action.

readmore »»  

NOUN PHRASES

Noun phrases normally consist of a head noun, which is optionally modified ("premodified" If the modifier is placed before the noun; "postmodified" if the modifier is placed after the noun).

readmore »»  

NEWS ITEM

Purpose : to inform readers about events of the day which are considered newsworthy or important

readmore »»  

MODAL IN THE PAST FORM

Modal auxiliary verbs give more information about the function of the main verb that follows it.

readmore »»  

ASKING FOR INFORMATION

Asking Information There are a number of formulas used when asking for information in English. Here are some of the most common:

readmore »»  

PREPOSITION OF TIME : AT, IN, ON

We use:
at for a PRECISE TIME

readmore »»  

INTRODUCTORY IT

Introductory it
A : To understand this lesson is easy
B : It is easy to understand this lesson.
In this pattern, it has no meaning. It is used only to fill the cubject position in the sentence. thus, it is called introductory “it”.
Introductory “it” as a subject:
A : To watch musical programs is pleasent.
B : It is pleasent to Watch musical program
Introductory it with seem, appear and look
Introductory it is also used with seem, appear and look when the subject is an infinitive phrase with a gerund ini t or a clause.
- It looked doubtfl whether she would come.
- It seemed strange that she should behave like that.
It is sometimes used as the object of the verbs think, feel, deem, count, cons, etc…
- I considered it a privilege to have this opportunity of welcoming you.
Introductory it in question
- When was is that the maneger came?
- It was at 10 am that the maneger came.

readmore »»  

APPOINTMENT

Appointment is tell about agreement for meeting it is good to make an appointment before you meet someone or people.
Making an Appointment
I’d like to make an appointment with Kristian
I want to make an appointment to see…
I’d like you to come and see…
Can’t I come see you?
I’ll be there
What about….(thank you)
Accepting an Appointment
All right, see you there
No problem, I’m free on….(Thursday)
Be there on time
I’ll wait for you
It’s a deal
Changing an Appointment
What about…(Thursday at 04.00 p.m.)
Is that ok, if we meet at…
Well, I must be off now. I’ll talk to you later!
Could we change the schedule of the meeting?
Do you have another time this afternoon?
Canceling an Appointment
I’m terrible sorry I have to put off my appointment
I’m sorry, I’m very busy
I’m afraid I have to postpone my appointment with…(Dr.Stephen Tong) tomorrow morning

readmore »»  

HAPPINESS EXPRESSION

Happiness Expression is expression which used to express glad feeling to express happiness, we can use the following sentences.
Showing happiness expression
I’m very happy
I’m very pleased about
I really delighted about
Gread…
Terrific
Fantastic
Example :
Wika :”wow!! My score for math test is go! I’m
very happy”
Andy :”cool. I only get 75. I have to study card
to get good score like you” I’m happy

readmore »»  

GAINING ATTENTION

Gaining Attention is an expression that used to gain attention from someone.
The purpose of gaining attention is to find attention the other people, so the other people pay attention.
Expression :
Attention please!
Excuse me!
Look here!
May, can I have your Attention, please
Listen to me please….
Response :
Wow, really!
I’m listening!
Okay!
Example :
Attention
Tomorrow is the last day for you to join the SMADA Basket Ball Club
So…join now!!
Contact person :Brithney Hallen
To respond the expression about something that refers to gaining attention we can use:
I’m listening..
I’m ready to hear now..
Let’s hear it together..
Wow, that’s true….!
Wow, that’s great…!

readmore »»  

GIVING INSTRUCTION

Giving instruction is an expression for give or ask somebody to do something we want.
Giving instruction some with imperative sentences.
Giving instruction statement can be use :
When people ask for unknown address
When demonstrate a recipe of food or drink
When ask somebody to do somethink that we want.
Example :
Tonia :Noel, come here, please
Noel :Ok, what’s up!
Tonia :Help me move the box, please
Noel :Sure….

Giving Instruction same with imperative sentence.
Giving Instruction are :
Command
*verb (+o)
Example :watch out, Come here
*please + V (+o)
Example :please clean your room
*verb (+o) + Please
Example :Wash this towel, please
Prohibition
*Don’t + V (+o)
Example :Don’t close it!
*Don’t + v (+o) + please
Example :Don’t be noise, Please!
*Would you mind not + V-ing (+o)
Example :Would you mind not reading my diary.
Kind of giving instruction :
*verb 1
Example :-wash your hand
-eat your meal
-sit down
*Be + adjective
Example :-Be your self
-Be a good student
-be strong
*Don’t + V-invinitife
Example :-Don’t armb!
-Don’t eat!
-Don’t approach!
*No + V-ing
Example :-No smooking!
-No swimming!
-No parking!

readmore »»  

ANNOUNCEMENT

Announcement is something said written or printed to make know will happen.
In writing an announcement, keep the following points
The title/type of event
Date/time
Place
Contact person (optimal)

Example :
Announcement English speaking club
There will be a program to develop our speaking skils, next Sunday. We’ll practice guiding tourists in Borobudur temple. Please enroll soon since there are limited seats.
Departure time :08.00 a.m
Fee :Salma Nisa
Chiet :Nicolas Tamara

Characterristic of announcement :
-Use simple tense and simole ficture tense.

readmore »»  

RECOUNT TEXT

Recount Text is report of event or activity in the past.
It’s to inform or to entertain veaders.
Structure of the Recount Text :
= orientation gives information about who, what, when, and there.
= refort of event or activity (in trologital) tells what happened in what sequence.
= re-orientation (optimal) show personal comments.

readmore »»  

NARRATIVE

A narrative is a text that is aimed to entertain, amush, teach a lesson or moral, explain something or make a comment.
The narrative consists of:
Orientation : Introduces the participants and
the setting.
Complication : A crisis or problem arises
Resolution : The crisis or problem is solved.
Coda : A moral or a message.
The narrative text uses of temporal conjuction. Example: Once upon a time, before, after.
Example of narrative text are:
Fable : Mousedeer, crocodile
Legend: Danau Toba, Sangkuriang
Fairy tale : Cinderella, Mariposa, Snow White.
Purpose : Like myths and legend, short stories are narratives because they are concerned with falking about the events.
Other examples of narrative writing the are novels, cartoon strips, and picture books.

Function:
To entertain the reader
Stimulate emotion
To teach the reader

readmore »»  

PROCEDUR TEXT

Procedure text is a text that is designed to describe how something is achieved through a sequence of actions or steps.
It explains how people perform different processes ia sequence of steps. This text uses simple present tense, often imperative sentences. It also uses the temporal conjunction such as first, second, then, next,finally, etc.
Example:
First, wash some rice in cold water.
Seconds, put the rice with some water in a pot. Cooking rice.
After that, put the rice to the simmer an steam it for about 45 minutes. Now, the rice is ready to be served.
Well, to cook rice you will need some rice.

readmore »»  

PAST TENSE

The past tense is a verb tense expressing action, activity, state or being in the past of the curent moment (in a absolute tense system), or prior to some other event, whether that is past, present, or future (in a relative tense system).
Patterns:
Using be : (subject + was/where + complement)
Using verb : (subject + Vpast + complement)
The function of the past tense:
To express that an action started and finished at a specific time in the past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have one specific time in mind. See the previous examples.
To describe a habit which stopped in the past. To make it clear that we are talking about a habbit, we often add expressions such as: always, often, usually, never, when I was a child, when I was younger, etc.
Examples:
I always say a night fare when I was a child.
Did you love flying kites when you were a kid?
To describe past facts or generalizations which are no longer true.
Examples:
Lisa was introvert as a child, but now she is extrovert.
Grandpa didn’t like coffe before.
The adverbs that are usually used in the past tense sentences are:
Yesterday
Last...
A week ago
This morning
Last week
… ago
A few minutes ago
Just now

readmore »»  

PRESENT TENSE

The simple present tense is used to discuss permanent situations and the frequency of events.
Regular or Permanent Situations:
When something happens regularly or is a permanent situation we usually use the simple present tense. When using the simple present the verb (with the exception of the auxiliary verbs) remains in the dictionary form (verb + S with he/she/it).

FREQUENCY:
The simple present tense is also used to show how often something happens with adverbs of frequency-always, usually, often, sometimes, occasionally , seldom, rarely, never, etc. And when discussion daily, weekly, monthly, etc.
For examples:
“I always get up at 6.00”
“I never drinks coffee before 12.00”
“I work on my website every day”
We also use the simple present to ask for and give instructions or to discuss a series of actions.
Fajar : How do I make pancakes?
Dimas : Well, first you take 4 eggs and crack them into a bowl, then you weight out 4 oz. Of fluor and sieve it into the eggs, etc.
The simple present tense can also be used to discuss future event.
Simple present tense timeline:
For example:
Raka: “Where do you live?”
Anto:”I live in Germany”
2.Intan:”Where does he live?”
Lisa :”He lives in Germany”
3.Jaka :”What do you do?”
Joko :”I’m a teacher”
4.Chika:”What does he do?”
Cila :”He’s a teacher”

readmore »»  

GREETING

We use greetings.
Greetings is something that you say or do when you meet someone.
Ex: The two man exchange greetings (said to each other).

readmore »»  

PRESENT FERFECT TENSE

A.Present Ferfect Tense
Untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan, peristiwa, kejadian yang terjadi, pada waktu lampau dan masih ada hubungannya dengan sekarang atau untuk menunjukkan suatu peristiwa yang selesai pada waktu yang singkat (baru selesai).
Formula:
A) S + Have/has + been + …
B) S + have/has + V₃ + …

readmore »»  

ADVERTISEMENT

The definition of advertisement is an information for persuading and motivating people so that they will attract to the service and the things that are offered of informed.
Function of advvertisiment :
-promotion
-communication
-information

readmore »»  

INVITATION

Invitation is given to others, to attend an ivent.

How invited someone :
I would like you too..
We would be pleased if you could..
Would you pleased attend my party tonight ?
EXAMPLE :
Would you mind coming to my party ?

readmore »»  

VOCABS

Definition Shapes
Shapes are all the geometrical information that remains when location, scale and rotational effects are   filtered  out from an object.

SHAPES
Simple Straight sided shapes
Rectangle
Square
Triangle
Simple Rounded shapes
Circle Oval
3D shapes
Cone




Cube
Cylinder
Pyramid
Sphere
Mathematical shapes
Parallelogram
Pentagon - 5 sides
Octagon - 8 sides
Miscellaneous shapes
Diamond
Heart


Definition Part of Body
Is the entire structure of a human organism, and consists of a head, neck, torso, two arms and two legs. By the time the human reaches adulthood, the body consists of close to 50 trillion cells, the basic unit of life.


THE HUMAN BODY

1.Hair = Rambut
2.Head = Kepala
3.Neck = Leher
4.Throat = Tenggorokan
5.Shoulder = Bahu
6.Chest = Dada
7.Back = Punggung
8.Waist = Pinggung
9.Stomach = Perut
10.Hip = Pinggul
11.Bottom = Pantat
12.Armpit = Ketiak
13.Arm = Lengan
14.Upper arm = Lengan Atas
15.Elbow = Siku
16.Forearm = Lengan Bawah
17.Wrist = Pergelangan Tangan
18.Fist = Kepalan Tangan
19.Hand = Tanagn
20.Palm = Tapak Tangan
21.Thumb = Ibu Jari
22.Finger = Jari Tangan
23.Nail = Kuku
24.Leg = Kaki
25.Thigh = Paha
26.Knee = Lutut
27.Calf = Betis
28.Ankle = Pergelangan Kaki
29.Foot = Kaki
30.Heel = Tumit
31.Instep = Kura-Kura Kaki
32.Sole = Tapak Kaki
33.Toes = Jari Kaki
34.Brain = Otak
35.Windpipe = Batang Tenggorokan
36.Heart = Jantung
37.Lung = Paru-Paru
38.Liver = Hati
39.Kidney = Ginjal
40.Intestines = Usus
41.Bladder = Kandung Kemis
42.Vein = Pembuluh Balik
43.Artery = Pembuluh Nadi
44.Muscle = Otot
45.Eyeball = Bola Mata
46.Eyebrow = Alis Mata
47.Eyelid = Kelopak Mata
48.Eyelashes = Bulu Mata
49.Pupil = Manik Mata
50.Iris = Selaput Pelangi
51.Eye = Mata
52.Noise = Hidung
53.Ear = Telinga
54.Mouth = Mulut
55.Cheek = Pipi
56.Chin = Dagu
57.Temple = Pelipis
58.Forehead/Brow = Dahi/Kenig
59.Jaw = Rahang
60.Moustache = Kumis
61.Beard = Janggut
62.Tooth = Gigi
63.Lip = Bibir
64.Tongue = Lidah

readmore »»